Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that are located in the anus or lower rectum. Their appearance varies depending on the type, severity, and whether they are internal or external. Hemorrhoids are often caused by prolonged sitting, straining during bowel movements, or other factors that increase pressure on the veins in the lower rectum. While some may appear as small, skin-colored bumps, others can be red, swollen, or even range from bluish to black if blood has pooled in the area. 

There are several hemorrhoid types, such as internal, external, prolapsed, thrombosed, and mixed. Every kind of hemorrhoid has a different appearance and set of symptoms. 

What Does an Internal Hemorrhoid Look Like?

Internal hemorrhoids are swollen veins that can develop inside the anal canal or in the lower rectum. Since internal hemorrhoids are inside the rectum, they are generally not visible to the naked eye. In some cases, especially during a bowel movement, internal hemorrhoids may protrude through the anus, appearing as moist, pinkish lumps. These are known as prolapsed hemorrhoids, which may cause other symptoms such as swelling, discomfort, or irritation around the anus.   

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What Does an External Hemorrhoid Look Like?

External hemorrhoids are visible lumps outside the anus that are typically more noticeable than internal ones, appearing as soft lumps or bulges and ranging in color from skin-toned to red or purple. External hemorrhoids are more likely to look purplish if they are thrombosed, meaning that blood has pooled in the vein and clotted, causing pain and swelling. 

This type of hemorrhoid may resemble skin tags and is often misdiagnosed as such. External hemorrhoids are generally located at the outer edge of the anus and can be felt easily. In severe cases, they may become swollen or irritated, causing increased pain and itching.

Signs You May Have a Hemorrhoid

Whether you have internal or external hemorrhoids, the symptoms you experience may vary depending on the type and severity. 

Some common signs of a hemorrhoid include:

• Bright red blood during bowel movements
• Itching or irritation around the anus
• A palpable or visible lump near the anus
• A feeling of pressure or rectal fullness
• Pain or discomfort while sitting or passing stool

In the early stages, the signs of a hemorrhoid may be minimal and mistaken for other minor conditions. However, advanced hemorrhoids, especially those that are prolapsed or thrombosed , are easier to identify, often showing symptoms like pain or irritation to a more intense degree. Early-stage internal hemorrhoids rarely show visible signs, making it even more important to recognize subtle symptoms and consult a specialist for an accurate diagnosis and a tailored treatment plan.

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What Does a Hemorrhoid Feel Like?

External hemorrhoids form under the skin around the anus and often cause noticeable discomfort or pain, especially when sitting for long periods or during bowel movements. This area is rich in pain-sensing nerves, which is why an external hemorrhoid can cause a sharp or throbbing pain accompanied by itching or irritation. Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum, which is part of the lower intestine. The lining of the rectum is not sensitive to pain, touch, or temperature, which is why they tend to be painless. You may only notice them through symptoms such as rectal bleeding or a feeling of fullness in the rectum, making them harder to detect without consulting a hemorrhoid specialist.

Hemorrhoids in Women vs Men: Is There a Difference?

Hemorrhoids typically present with similar appearances and symptoms in both women and men. However, women may be more prone to developing either external or internal hemorrhoids during pregnancy due to increased pelvic pressure, hormonal changes, and straining during labor. The visual appearance of hemorrhoids in women is not significantly different from that in men.

What Does a Hemorrhoid Look Like on a Woman During Pregnancy?

Pregnancy-related hemorrhoids often appear as visible, swollen lumps near the anus, especially in the third trimester or postpartum period. These hemorrhoids may develop externally or internally and are commonly irritated by the pressure from the growing uterus. 

When to Seek Help for Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are classified into four stages. This classification can help you recognize the signs of a hemorrhoid, so you know when to consult a specialist about a potential diagnosis.

The four hemorrhoid stages include:

• Grade 1: These are milder and often cause a small amount of bleeding as well as occasional anal itching.
• Grade 2: Hemorrhoids in this stage may come out of the rectum during bowel movements, causing pain along with other internal hemorrhoid symptoms such as bleeding and increased irritation around the anal area.
• Grade 3:  Internal hemorrhoids represent a significant stage of the condition where the hemorrhoidal tissue prolapses, or protrudes, from the anal canal during straining or a bowel movement. Unlike Grade 2 hemorrhoids, which spontaneously retract, Grade 3 hemorrhoids require manual reduction by the patient to be repositioned back inside the anal canal. Symptoms include significant pain, especially while sitting, inflammation, and intense irritation of the anal area.
• Grade 4: These are the most severe and are unable to be pushed back inside the anus, causing them to be very painful. Along with persistent pain and ongoing bleeding, stage 4 hemorrhoids may lead to thrombosis (blood clot formation). 

While mild cases may resolve on their own, do not ignore persistent symptoms, such as pain, bleeding, or noticeable changes in appearance. If hemorrhoid symptoms begin interfering with your life, it’s time to seek expert care. Untreated hemorrhoids can lead to complications like thrombosis, infection, or chronic irritation.

Early diagnosis can prevent these complications and allow you more options for treatment, including hemorrhoid artery embolization (HAE). The diagnosis of hemorrhoids is generally a well-tolerated process. While hemorrhoids themselves can cause pain, particularly when thrombosed or prolapsed, the diagnostic process typically involves visual and physical examinations that are not inherently painful.

HAE is a non-surgical procedure specifically for internal hemorrhoids, offering relief from uncomfortable hemorrhoid symptoms like itching and rectal bleeding. With a high success rate and minimal risk of side effects, HAE is a good alternative to some of the more invasive hemorrhoid treatments like hemorrhoid removal surgery.

Why Choose USA Hemorrhoid Centers for Diagnosis and Care

If you think you are showing any potential signs of a hemorrhoid, the specialists at USA Hemorrhoid Centers can help you with a diagnosis and treatment. With locations nationwide and a team of experienced specialists, we make it easy for you to get the care you need. Don’t let hemorrhoid symptoms impact your quality of life. Schedule a consultation today at a USA Hemorrhoid Center near you.

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Hemorrhoids, those uncomfortable and often embarrassing lumps around your anus, are a common concern for many. But what happens when symptoms overlap with something more serious, like colorectal cancer? March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, an important time to understand the differences and similarities between these two conditions.  Some may attribute their symptoms to ‘just hemorrhoids’, potentially delaying a proper diagnosis until their symptoms become more severe. 

With colorectal cancer affecting approximately one in 24 people and becoming increasingly prevalent in younger adults, it’s important to recognize the signs and when to seek medical advice.¹   

Hemorrhoids, which are swollen blood vessels in or around the anus, are not a sign of colorectal cancer (also known as colon cancer). However, symptoms of hemorrhoids, such as rectal bleeding, can indicate cancer when paired with other symptoms. This is where confusion often arises, and why it’s important to stay vigilant about your colorectal health. If your symptoms are related to internal hemorrhoids, USA Hemorrhoid Centers can help. 

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Understanding Hemorrhoid Symptoms

Hemorrhoids are uncomfortable swollen veins around the anus, and it’s estimated that about one in 10 people experience them. Hemorrhoids can affect people of any age, but they are most common in people between the ages of 45 and 65. 

Hemorrhoids come into two forms: internal and external. External hemorrhoids are located around the anus and are more noticeable. They also tend to be more painful than internal hemorrhoids because of their location, which has more nerve endings. 

No matter whether they are internal or external, hemorrhoids can cause a range of painful symptoms including: 

• Bleeding 
• Itching around the anus 
• Mucus discharge  
• Feelings of fullness after defecating 
• Uncomfortable bowel movements 

Hemorrhoid symptoms often improve within a few days to a week and are generally benign. It’s important to be aware, however, that internal hemorrhoids can take longer to heal and may get progressively worse. When internal hemorrhoids are left untreated, they can start to protrude out of the anus, a condition known as prolapse. Prolapsed hemorrhoids can cause significant pain and may need medical interventions to treat them, such as hemorrhoid artery embolization (HAE). 

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Colorectal Cancer: What You Need to Know

Colorectal cancer is a polyp that forms inside the colon or rectum. Most polyps are benign but have the potential to turn into cancer. Out of the 150 thousand people diagnosed with colon cancer each year, a third of them will not survive.  

Colorectal cancer mainly affects adults over the age of 50, but genetics can also play a role in cancer risk. Your risk can also increase if you: 

• Eat a diet high in red meat or low in fiber. 
• Smoke or used to smoke. 
• Are overweight or obese.
• Have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 

Some of these risk factors, such as eating a low-fiber diet and having IBD, are also risk factors for hemorrhoids. 

Early-stage colon cancer doesn’t usually present symptoms. However, some symptoms of colorectal cancer, such as rectal bleeding, can also overlap with hemorrhoid symptoms, including: 

• Chronic abdominal pain, cramps, or gas 
• Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, very thin stools, or bloating) 
• Incomplete bowel movements due to blockage 
• Fatigue 
• Unintentional weight loss 

In this case, a gastroenterologist or oncologist may be the best option in finding care for colorectal cancer. 

Hemorrhoids vs Cancer: How to Tell the Difference 

Hemorrhoids and colorectal cancer can share similar symptoms, but these symptoms can present differently. The table below illustrates the difference. 

Even if you experience most of these symptoms, it’s important not to self-diagnose. Gastrointestinal conditions like irritable bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis can have similar symptoms. 

A hemorrhoid specialist may be able to determine what’s causing your symptoms and recommend the best course of action. USA Hemorrhoid Centers can discuss non-surgical treatment options if your symptoms are synonymous with hemorrhoids. 

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Why Colorectal Cancer Screenings Matter 

Early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer significantly improve survival rates, with stage I at a 91 percent survival rate compared to only 15 percent for stage IV. It’s recommended to start colon cancer screenings after 45, and younger if you have a family history. Some diagnostic tests to identify hemorrhoids, such as colonoscopy, can be used to detect colorectal cancer.  

When Hemorrhoid Treatment is Required 

Some hemorrhoids are not able to go away after a week despite using natural remedies. If you are experiencing hemorrhoid symptoms for more than a week, you may need medical treatment. Additionally, you should seek help from a hemorrhoid specialist if you have: 

• Persistent or severe bleeding 
• Worsening pain and swelling 
• Internal hemorrhoid bulging outside the anus (prolapsed hemorrhoid) 

If a hemorrhoid is left intreated, you increase your risk of blood clots in the affected area, known as thrombosed hemorrhoids. You are also at an increased risk of developing anemia, anal fissures, or an infection. The earlier hemorrhoids are treated, the risk of complications decreases.  

 Treatment at USA Hemorrhoid Centers 

If your symptoms are caused by hemorrhoids, USA Hemorrhoid Centers specializes in treating hemorrhoids with hemorrhoid artery embolization (HAE). 

 HAE is an innovative, minimally-invasive procedure that’s designed to reduce blood flow to the hemorrhoid and alleviate symptoms for lasting relief. No major incisions are made, and the procedure doesn’t come with a week-long, residual pain like rubber band ligation does. 

If your symptoms are more consistent with hemorrhoids symptoms, such as painless rectal bleeding, itching, or mucus discharge, take charge of your colorectal health. Schedule an appointment online or call 855.805.4247.  

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Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectal or anal area, often caused by straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, or increased pressure in the lower rectum due to factors like pregnancy. While they are usually associated with discomfort, pain, or bleeding, one question commonly arises: Can hemorrhoids actually stop you from defecating?

The short answer is that hemorrhoids themselves do not physically block the process of defecation. However, their symptoms can indirectly lead to challenges with bowel movements. Let’s delve into the relationship between hemorrhoids and defecation and explore how to manage related difficulties.

How Hemorrhoids Affect Bowel Movements

While hemorrhoids can cause bowel discomfort, their symptoms can create physical and psychological barriers that make defecation difficult or painful.

Pain and Discomfort
Pain is a primary symptom of hemorrhoids, especially external ones or prolapsed internal hemorrhoids. When bowel movements are painful, individuals may consciously or subconsciously delay defecation to avoid discomfort. This delay can lead to harder stools and worsen the condition.

Rectal Pressure and Fullness
Internal hemorrhoids, particularly when prolapsed, can create a sensation of fullness in the rectum, making it feel as though the bowels are not completely emptied. This sensation can confuse individuals about whether they need to defecate or are experiencing a blockage.

Bleeding and Fear of Worsening Symptoms
The sight of blood during bowel movements can be alarming and cause individuals to avoid going to the bathroom. However, this avoidance often exacerbates the condition, as hard stools from delayed defecation can worsen hemorrhoids.

Can Hemorrhoids Physically Block the Anus?

In rare cases of severe prolapsed hemorrhoids, where internal hemorrhoids protrude outside the anus and cannot be pushed back, there can be temporary physical obstruction. This condition may make it difficult for stool to pass comfortably.

Additionally, large thrombosed external hemorrhoids (blood clots within hemorrhoids) can cause significant swelling around the anal opening, leading to difficulty initiating or completing a bowel movement.

Distinguishing Between Hemorrhoids and Other Causes of Obstruction

While hemorrhoids can make defecation uncomfortable, true physical obstruction is usually caused by other medical conditions, such as:

• Fecal impaction: Hardened stool stuck in the rectum.
• Rectal or anal strictures: Narrowing of the anal canal due to scar tissue or inflammation.
• Tumors or polyps: Abnormal growths in the rectum or anus.

If you experience persistent difficulty in passing stool or feel blocked, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider to rule out these conditions.

How to Manage Bowel Movements with Hemorrhoids

Soften Stools
Softening stools reduces the strain during bowel movements and minimizes irritation to hemorrhoids.

• Increase dietary fiber intake with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and supplements.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
• Consider over-the-counter stool softeners if recommended by a doctor.

Relieve Hemorrhoid Symptoms

• Use sitz baths (warm water baths for the anal area) to reduce swelling and pain.
• Apply over-the-counter hemorrhoid creams or suppositories for temporary relief.
• Avoid using dry toilet paper; instead, use moistened wipes or rinse with water.

Avoid Straining

• Respond to the urge to defecate promptly.
• Use proper posture by leaning forward slightly with feet elevated on a stool.
• Take your time to avoid unnecessary pressure on the rectal area.

Seek Medical Help
If hemorrhoid symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor. Treatments like rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or minimally invasive procedures such as hemorrhoid artery embolization can provide long-term relief.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience any of the following, consult a healthcare professional immediately:

• Persistent difficulty in passing stool.
• Severe pain or swelling in the anal area.
• Large amounts of blood during bowel movements.
• A feeling of complete obstruction or prolapsed hemorrhoids that won’t go back in.

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